SUMOylation assay utilising His6-tagged SUMO 2, SUMO E1, SUMO E2 and RANGAP1 as substrate in presence (lane 2) and absence (lanes (1) of ATP after SDS-PAGE and blotting to PVDF with subsequent probing with ab22654. SUMOylation assay utilising His6-tagged SUMO 2, SUMO E1, SUMO E2 and RANGAP1 as substrate in presence (lane 2) and absence (lanes (1) of ATP after SDS-PAGE and blotting to PVDF with subsequent probing with ab22654.

IHC image of ab22654 staining in human normal liver formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue section, performed on a Leica Bond^TM system using the standard protocol F. The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with sodium citrate buffer (pH6, epitope retrieval solution 1) for 20 mins. The section was then incubated with ab22654, 1µg/ml, for 15 mins at room temperature and detected using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. The section was then counterstained with haematoxylin and mounted with DPX.

For other IHC staining systems (automated and non-automated) customers should optimize variable parameters such as antigen retrieval conditions, primary antibody concentration and antibody incubation times.

ICC/IF image of ab22654 stained MCF7 cells. The cells were 100% methanol fixed (5 min) and then incubated in 1%BSA / 10% normal goat serum / 0.3M glycine in 0.1% PBS-Tween for 1h to permeabilise the cells and block non-specific protein-protein interactions. The cells were then incubated with the antibody (ab22654, 1µg/ml) overnight at +4°C. The secondary antibody (green) was ab96899, DyLight® 488 goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) used at a 1/250 dilution for 1h.Alexa Fluor® 594 WGA was used to label plasma membranes (red) at a 1/200 dilution for 1h. DAPI was used to stain the cell nuclei (blue) at a concentration of 1.43µM.