Multi-isomeric modular protein which forms a linking network between organelles and the actin cytoskeleton to maintain the subcellular spatial organization. Component of SUN-protein-containing multivariate complexes also called LINC complexes which link the nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton by providing versatile outer nuclear membrane attachment sites for cytoskeletal filaments. Involved in the maintenance of nuclear organization and structural integrity. Connects nuclei to the cytoskeleton by interacting with the nuclear envelope and with F-actin in the cytoplasm. Specifically, SYNE2 and SUN2 assemble in arrays of transmembrane actin-associated nuclear (TAN) lines which are bound to F-actin cables and couple the nucleus to retrograde actin flow during actin-dependent nuclear movement. Required for centrosome migration to the apical cell surface during early ciliogenesis.

Widely expressed, with higher level in kidney, adult and fetal liver, stomach and placenta. Weakly expressed in skeletal muscle and brain. Isoform 5 is highly expressed in pancreas, skeletal muscle and heart.

Defects in SYNE2 are the cause of Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy type 5 (EDMD5) [MIM:612999]. A degenerative myopathy characterized by weakness and atrophy of muscle without involvement of the nervous system, early contractures of the elbows, Achilles tendons and spine, and cardiomyopathy associated with cardiac conduction defects.

Belongs to the nesprin family.
Contains 1 actin-binding domain.
Contains 2 CH (calponin-homology) domains.
Contains 1 KASH domain.
Contains 9 spectrin repeats.

The KASH domain mediates the nuclear envelope targeting.

Nucleus outer membrane. Sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane. Cell membrane. Cytoplasm > cytoskeleton. Mitochondrion. Nucleus > nucleoplasm. Different isoform patterns are found in the different compartments of the cell. The isoforms having the C-terminal transmembrane span can be found in several organellar membranes like the nuclear envelope, the sarcoplasmic reticulum of myoblasts, or the lamellipodia and focal adhesions at the cell membrane. The largest part of the outer nuclear membrane-associated protein is cytoplasmic, while its C-terminal part is associated with the nuclear envelope, most probably the outer nuclear membrane. Remains associated with the nuclear envelope during its breakdown in mitotic cells. Shorter solubles isoforms can be found in the cytoplasm and within the nucleus.