Glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) is an important intermediate for all living organisms. Glycerol-3-Phosphate is produced either by glycerol via glycerol kinase or by dihydroxyacetone phosphate through glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. In response to cellular signals, glycerol-3-phosphate can be utilized in multiple pathways: it can be further converted into glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and enter glycolysis or rapidly generate NAD+ in brain or muscle tissues through the G3P shuttle or enter the lipid biosynthetic pathway. Recent studies have found that glycerol-3-phosphate is a novel regulator and plays a fundamental defense role in plant pathogenesis.

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