Anti-TNF alpha Affibody® Molecule (ab31908)
Overview
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Product name
Anti-TNF alpha Affibody® Molecule
See all TNF alpha affibody® molecule -
Specificity
ab31908 recognises TNF alpha. The Anti-TNF-alpha Affibody® molecule is modified with a unique C-terminal cysteine for directed single-point chemical modification, facilitating labeling with fluorescent dyes, biotin or coupling to matrices. -
Tested applications
Suitable for: ELISA, Dot blotmore details -
Species reactivity
Reacts with: Human -
Immunogen
Other Immunogen Type corresponding to Human TNF alpha. Recombinant protein produced in E. coli.
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General notes
ab31908 is a recombinant protein produced in E. coli.
This Anti-TNF alpha Affibody® Molecule is modified with a unique C-terminal cysteine for directed single-point chemical modification, facilitating labelling with fluorescent dyes, biotin or coupling to matrices. However, tail-to-tail dimers are spontaneously generated via a disulphide bridge between the C-terminal cysteines. Prior to coupling via the C-terminal the Affibody® Molecule needs to be reduced to expose the reactive cysteine residue.
THIS AFFIBODY® MOLECULE REQUIRES CONJUGATION TO A SUITABLE LABEL BEFORE USE. PLEASE REFER TO THE "PROTOCOLS" LINKWhat are Affibody Molecules?
Affibody® affinity ligands are small, simple proteins composed of a three-helix bundle based on the scaffold of one of the IgG-binding domains of Protein A. Protein A is a surface protein from the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. This scaffold has excellent features as an affinity ligand and can be designed to bind with high affinity to any given target protein. The domain consists of 58 amino acids, 13 of which are randomized to generate Affibody® libraries with a large number of ligand variants. Thus, the libraries consist of a multitude of protein ligands with an identical backbone and variable surface- binding properties. The current Affibody® libraries contains billions of variants. In function, Affibody® molecules mimic antibodies, nature’s own binders to an infinite number of antigens. Compared to antibodies, the most striking dissimilarity of Affibody® molecules is the small size. Affibody® molecules have a molecular weight of 14 kDa, compared to the molecular weight of antibodies, which is 150 kDa. In spite of its small size, the binding site of Affibody® molecules is similar to that of an antibody. The advantages of Affibody® molecules over antibodies are · their small size · the simple structure of the molecules · its robust physical properties · its ability to fold correctly intracellularly · the fast and cost-efficient production in bacteria · the possibility to produce Affibody® molecules through chemical synthesis · the possibility to couple Affibody® molecules in multimeric constructs
Properties
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Form
Liquid -
Storage instructions
Shipped at 4°C. Store at +4°C short term (1-2 weeks). Upon delivery aliquot. Store at -20°C long term. -
Storage buffer
pH: 7.40
Constituents: 0.079% Ammonium bicarbonate, PBS -
Concentration information loading... -
Purification notes
ab31908 is >98% pure, as determined by SDS-PAGE (Coomassie blue staining) and RP-HPLC analysis. -
Affibody® molecule notes
What are Affibody Molecules?
Affibody® affinity ligands are small, simple proteins composed of a three-helix bundle based on the scaffold of one of the IgG-binding domains of Protein A. Protein A is a surface protein from the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus. This scaffold has excellent features as an affinity ligand and can be designed to bind with high affinity to any given target protein. The domain consists of 58 amino acids, 13 of which are randomized to generate Affibody® libraries with a large number of ligand variants. Thus, the libraries consist of a multitude of protein ligands with an identical backbone and variable surface- binding properties. The current Affibody® libraries contains billions of variants. In function, Affibody® molecules mimic antibodies, nature’s own binders to an infinite number of antigens. Compared to antibodies, the most striking dissimilarity of Affibody® molecules is the small size. Affibody® molecules have a molecular weight of 14 kDa, compared to the molecular weight of antibodies, which is 150 kDa. In spite of its small size, the binding site of Affibody® molecules is similar to that of an antibody. The advantages of Affibody® molecules over antibodies are · their small size · the simple structure of the molecules · its robust physical properties · its ability to fold correctly intracellularly · the fast and cost-efficient production in bacteria · the possibility to produce Affibody® molecules through chemical synthesis · the possibility to couple Affibody® molecules in multimeric constructs -
Research areas
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Function
Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. It is mainly secreted by macrophages and can induce cell death of certain tumor cell lines. It is potent pyrogen causing fever by direct action or by stimulation of interleukin-1 secretion and is implicated in the induction of cachexia, Under certain conditions it can stimulate cell proliferation and induce cell differentiation. -
Involvement in disease
Genetic variations in TNF are a cause of susceptibility psoriatic arthritis (PSORAS) [MIM:607507]. PSORAS is an inflammatory, seronegative arthritis associated with psoriasis. It is a heterogeneous disorder ranging from a mild, non-destructive disease to a severe, progressive, erosive arthropathy. Five types of psoriatic arthritis have been defined: asymmetrical oligoarthritis characterized by primary involvement of the small joints of the fingers or toes; asymmetrical arthritis which involves the joints of the extremities; symmetrical polyarthritis characterized by a rheumatoidlike pattern that can involve hands, wrists, ankles, and feet; arthritis mutilans, which is a rare but deforming and destructive condition; arthritis of the sacroiliac joints and spine (psoriatic spondylitis). -
Sequence similarities
Belongs to the tumor necrosis factor family. -
Post-translational
modificationsThe soluble form derives from the membrane form by proteolytic processing.
The membrane form, but not the soluble form, is phosphorylated on serine residues. Dephosphorylation of the membrane form occurs by binding to soluble TNFRSF1A/TNFR1.
O-glycosylated; glycans contain galactose, N-acetylgalactosamine and N-acetylneuraminic acid. -
Cellular localization
Secreted and Cell membrane. - Information by UniProt
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Alternative names
- APC1
- APC1 protein
- Cachectin
see all -
Database links
- Entrez Gene: 7124 Human
- Omim: 191160 Human
- SwissProt: P01375 Human
- Unigene: 241570 Human
Images
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ELISA - Anti-TNF alpha Affibody® Molecule (ab31908)
Standard TNF alpha was titrated on Anti-TNF alpha Affibody® molecule coated plates with a sensitivity of 60 pg/ml.
QUANTITATIVE ELISA
The Anti-TNF alpha Affibody® molecule can be used as capture reagent in a sandwich ELISA in combination with a mouse anti-human TNF-alpha monoclonal antibody as the detection reagent. Titration of TNF-alpha gives a sigmoid curve with a sensitivity of 60 pg TNFalpha/ ml (defined as two times background value) and a measurement interval between 100 and 1000 pg/ml.
