ab11428 (2µg/ml) staining S100 alpha in human breast tissue using an automated system (DAKO Autostainer Plus). Using this protocol there is strong staining of nuclear and cytoplasmic compartment within the breast ductal regions
Sections were rehydrated and antigen retrieved with the Dako 3 in 1 AR buffer EDTA pH 9.0 in a DAKO PT link. Slides were peroxidase blocked in 3% H2O2 in methanol for 10 mins. They were then blocked with Dako Protein block for 10 minutes (containing casein 0.25% in PBS) then incubated with primary antibody for 20 min and detected with Dako envision flex amplification kit for 30 minutes. Colorimetric detection was completed with Diaminobenzidine for 5 minutes. Slides were counterstained with Haematoxylin and coverslipped under DePeX. Please note that, for manual staining, optimization of primary antibody concentration and incubation time is recommended. Signal amplification may be required.

ICC/IF image of ab11428 stained HeLa cells. The cells were 4% formaldehyde fixed (10 min) and then incubated in 1%BSA / 10% normal goat serum / 0.3M glycine in 0.1% PBS-Tween for 1h to permeabilise the cells and block non-specific protein-protein interactions. The cells were then incubated with the antibody (ab11428, 1µg/ml) overnight at +4°C. The secondary antibody (green) was Alexa Fluor® 488 goat anti-rabbit IgG (H+L) used at a 1/1000 dilution for 1h. Alexa Fluor® 594 WGA was used to label plasma membranes (red) at a 1/200 dilution for 1h. DAPI was used to stain the cell nuclei (blue) at a concentration of 1.43µM.

ab11428 labelling S100 alpha (red) in HEK293T cells by Immunocytochemistry/Immunofluorescence. Cells fixed with 4% formaldehyde were permeabilized and blocked with 1X PBS containing 5% BSA and 0.3% Triton X-100 for 1 hour at room temperature. Cells were incubated with primary antibody (1:100 in blocking buffer) overnight at 4ºC. A fluorophore-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG (1:200) was used as the secondary antibody (1 hour at room temperature). Blue (DAPI) - nuclei. Images were taken at 40X magnification.