RAGE mediates interactions of advanced glycosylation end products (AGE). These are non-enzymatically glycosylated proteins which accumulate in vascular tissue in aging and at an accelerated rate in diabetes. RAGE acts as a mediator of both acute and chronic vascular inflammation in conditions such as atherosclerosis and in particular as a complication of diabetes. AGE/RAGE signaling plays an important role in regulating the production/expression of TNF-alpha, oxidative stress, and endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. RAGE interaction with S100A12 on endothelium, mononuclear phagocytes, and lymphocytes triggers cellular activation, with generation of key pro-inflammatory mediators. RAGE may be a receptor for amyloid beta peptide. RAGE contributes to the translocation of amyloid-beta peptide (ABPP) across the cell membrane from the extracellular to the intracellular space in cortical neurons. ABPP-initiated RAGE signaling, especially stimulation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), has the capacity to drive a transport system delivering ABPP as a complex with RAGE to the intra-neuronal space. RAGE-dependent signaling in microglia contributes to neuroinflammation, amyloid accumulation, and impaired learning/memory in a mouse model of Alzheimer disease.

Abcam has not and does not intend to apply for the REACH Authorisation of customers’ uses of products that contain European Authorisation list (Annex XIV) substances.
It is the responsibility of our customers to check the necessity of application of REACH Authorisation, and any other relevant authorisations, for their intended uses.