N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is a post-transcriptional modification of RNA. m6A modification has been identified in all classes of RNA (rRNA, tRNA and mRNA) and is catalysed by an evolutionary conserved multi-subunit enzyme, methyltransferase like 3 (METTL3). Cellular and viral RNA has been known to be methylated for decades. Recent studies have found that mRNA is predominately m6A modified at stop codons and long internal exons, which are conserved between mouse and human. Emerging evidence suggests m6A plays an important role in regulating gene expression, alternative splicing patterns, downstream signalling (p53) as well as apoptosis.

The regulation of m6A modifications in mRNA has been linked to disease, where fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) has been has been reported to be a obesity risk gene. FTO is a m6A demethylase and polymorphisms that result in increased FTO expression are associated with increased body mass and risk of obesity.

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