Leptospira IgG ELISA kit (ab247199) is intended for the qualitative determination of IgG class antibodies against Leptospira spp. in human serum or plasma (heparin).

The qualitative immunoenzymatic determination of specific antibodies is based on the ELISA (Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay) technique. Microplates are coated with specific antigens to bind corresponding antibodies of the sample. After washing the wells to remove all unbound sample material a horseradish peroxidase (HRP) labelled conjugate is added. This conjugate binds to the captured antibodies. In a second washing step unbound conjugate is removed. The immune complex formed by the bound conjugate is visualized by adding Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) substrate which gives a blue reaction product. The intensity of this product is proportional to the amount of specific antibodies in the sample. Sulphuric acid is added to stop the reaction. This produces a yellow endpoint colour. Absorbance at 450/620 nm is read using an ELISA microwell plate reader.

Leptospirosis (also known as Weil's syndrome) is probably the most widespread zoonosis in the world. It is caused by infection with spirochete bacteria of the genus Leptospira and affects humans as well as a broad spectrum of animal hosts. The incidence is significantly higher in warm climate countries than in temperate regions. The disease is seasonal, with peak incidence occurring in summer or fall in temperate regions, where temperature is the limiting factor in survival of leptospires, and during rainy seasons in warm climate regions, where rapid desiccation would otherwise prevent survival. Natural reservoirs for the pathogenic Leptospira interrogans include rodents as well as a large variety of domesticated mammals (e. g. pigs, cattle and dogs). Leptospires occupy the lumen of nephritic tubules in their natural host and are shed into the urine.